The emergence of arboviruses changes the profile of viral meningitis in Salvador, Bahia: A case series

Background Recently, different arboviruses became endemic in Brazil mostly causing acute febrile illnesses, however, neurological manifestations have also been reported. This study aimed to investigate which viruses were involved the meningitis etiology and contribution of circulating Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Methods From June 2014 February 2016, 170 patients with suspected viral identified Couto Maia Hospital, Salvador-BA, Their CSF samples investigated for possible by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) arboviruses: DENV, ZIKV CHIKV; EV; PCR HHV1-5 complex (HSV1-2, VZV, EBV CMV). Also, ELISA was carried out a subgroup remaining detection DENV IgM NS1 antigen, CHIKV IgM. Results Thirty-seven or positive at least one studied (overall positivity 21.8%). EV agent most frequently detected (10 cases; 27.0%), along all four serotypes 27.0%); followed (6 16.2%), Varicella zoster virus (VZV) (1 case; 2.7%). Four cases (10.8%) presented co-infection detected: DENV1 + CHIKV, EV, DENV4 ZIKV, ZIKV. Arboviruses (DENV, ZIKV) accounted great majority (26 70.3%) single co-infections: has arbovirus (13 35.1%). Among non-arboviral meningitis, common (11 29.7%). Conclusions among meningitis. In areas where they are it is crucial increase surveillance consider them differential diagnosis